Figure 21.8 Structure and Histology of a Lymph Node Lymph nodes are masses of lymphatic tissue located along the larger lymph vessels. Lymph nodes can also enlarge due to cancer in the lymphatic system, such as Hodgkin disease. 11.3 Axial Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Back 11.4 Axial Muscles of the Abdominal Wall, and Thorax 11.5 Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs. For example, if the skin cancer was on your face then the nodes around your ears and neck will be examined, or, if the skin cancer was on your leg then the lymph nodes behind your knee and in your groin will be felt. Sometimes, the lymph nodes themselves can become inflamed and enlarged, a condition called lymphadenitis. At your check-up visits you will usually have the lymph nodes around the location of your skin cancer examined. However, sometimes they can be felt in slim people as smooth pea-sized lumps, usually in the groin. ![]() Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007 59(4):32731. Clinicopathological and radiological evaluation of cervical lymph node metastasis in head and neck malignancies. However, the lymphadenopathy may be generalized, with lymph node enlargement in more than one area, which is typical of a viral illness. Lymph nodes are usually too small to feel. Assessing the location of a neck mass is essential as it provides clues to the aetiology. Swollen lymph nodes around the jaw may be due to an infection in the teeth or mouth. For example, an infant with a scalp infection may have enlarged lymph nodes at the back of the neck. Since enlarged lymph nodes are often near the source of infection, their location can help determine the cause. Bacterial infections, such as strep throat caused by the streptococcus bacterium, can also cause lymphadenopathy. Nearly all children will develop lymphadenopathy at some time, as the condition commonly occurs in response to an infection from a virus, such as an upper respiratory infection. As infection-fighting cells and fluid accumulate, the lymph nodes enlarge to many times their normal size. The lymphatic system is part of the immune system and functions to fight disease and infections.
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